With the advance in the medical technology, surgical simulation training is important in the learning of clinical technique for trainees before their clinical practice.
Center for Quantum Frontiers of Research & Technology
Center for Quantum Frontiers of Research & Technology
The goal of this research roadmap is to develop and build solid-state quantum bits, devices, and architectures for quantum logics or other relevant future technologies.
Working Space RAC-Coon is an innovative research and teaching space within the College of Planning and Design NCKU. It is a Higher Education Sprout Project-funded project and opened on 4th, April 2020.
Established in 1931, with a role as the main and vital collector and provider of knowledge resources for National Cheng Kung University (NCKU) and Southern Taiwan, National Cheng Kung University Library (NCKU Library) provides high-quality resources for teaching, research and education while actively engaging in collaborations with other international libraries.
The main goal of Marine Biology and Cetacean Research Center at NCKU is for rescuing the live stranded cetacean or managing the dead stranded cetacean event in Taiwan. For the live stranding, we first have to collaborate with the Coast Guard Administration and deal with the dolphin on site.
In response to the issues of environmental conservation and sustainable resources and under the NCKU 's Top -Tier Program , the multi -disciplinary Sustainable Environment Research Center ( SERC ) was established in early 2006 , with a holistic approach of three integrating subgroups : Environment Resource Management Research Center , Environment Research Center , and Resource Recycling and Management Research Center .
Because National Cheng Kung University (NCKU) is a well-integrated university with affiliated medical college and hospital, we have the privileges to organize a cross-disciplinary nanomedicine team consisting of experts from basic research, material development, diagnostic/therapeutic system development, prototyping, pre-clinical evaluation, medical translation and early-phase clinical trials.
Hierarchical Green-Energy Materials Research Center
Hierarchical Green-Energy Materials Research Center
The " Hierarchical Green-Energy Materials (Hi-GEM) Research Center " was established to break through the existing academic field framework and develop Hierarchical Green-Energy Materials. In addition to investing in cross-field and material-scale research and integrating the four core technology research and development of green energy materials, the serial integration of various industrial links and technologies is also the unique feature of the center.
The work content of the Water Quality Laboratory is mainly to test and analyze the samples of pollutants from water or sediments, such as seawater, river water, groundwater, and other water bodies.
International Center for the Scientific Development of Shrimp Aquaculture (ICDSA)
International Center for the Scientific Development of Shrimp Aquaculture (ICDSA)
The International Center for the Scientific Development of Shrimp Aquaculture (ICSDSA) includes a shrimp genome biology laboratory, a shrimp disease laboratory, a Nucleus Breeding Center (NBC) and two OIE (Organisation for World Animal Health) reference laboratories, one for white spot disease (WSD) and the other for acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND).
The precision smart healthcare platform is developed to deliver a comprehensive medical care experience to the elderly by Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) technology. The platform provides services for elders with different needs, such as health promotion for active elderly, postoperative recovery for frail elderly, and the rehabilitation of stroke.
Our research area mainly focused on the underlying structure of ABCDM, which is AI, Block Chain, Big Data Analysis, Cloud Computing, Data Mining, Machine Learning and Mobile Payment.
Core Facility Center (CFC) is one of the three university-level research centers of National Cheng Kung University (NCKU). A complete system of high-end fabrication and characterization facilities are established in the cleanroom and laboratories of CFC.
/Research Center for Energy Technology and Strategy (RCETS)
Research Center for Energy Technology and Strategy (RCETS)
In February 2008, the Research Center for Energy Technology and Strategy (RCETS) was established by the National Cheng Kung University (NCKU), with the goal of organizing the university's researchers and resources in energy related fields.
Because National Cheng Kung University (NCKU) is a well-integrated university with affiliated medical college and hospital, we have the privileges to organize a cross-disciplinary nanomedicine team consisting of experts from basic research, material development, diagnostic/therapeutic system development, prototyping, pre-clinical evaluation, medical translation and early-phase clinical trials.
University Center of Bioscience and Biotechnology National Cheng Kung University
Bioscience and biotechnology lead the trend of scientific research in the 21st century. It is a high-tech interdisciplinary sector and a priority industry greatly promoted and supported by our government.
Our research area mainly focused on the underlying structure of ABCDM, which is AI, Block Chain, Big Data Analysis, Cloud Computing, Data Mining, Machine Learning and Mobile Payment.
The aim of the Orchid Research and Development Center is to combine the power of industry, government, academia, and research to promote orchid-related research and industry-university cooperation, and to assist the industry to solve problems.
Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research
Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research
Emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases causes serious threats to human worldwide. Although surveillance and clinical care systems in Taiwan is well established, the potential of the basic research and biotechnological capabilities were not fully realized due to the lack of a central infectious disease research center.
Hierarchical Green-Energy Materials Research Center
Hierarchical Green-Energy Materials Research Center
The " Hierarchical Green-Energy Materials (Hi-GEM) Research Center " was established to break through the existing academic field framework and develop Hierarchical Green-Energy Materials. In addition to investing in cross-field and material-scale research and integrating the four core technology research and development of green energy materials, the serial integration of various industrial links and technologies is also the unique feature of the center.
International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration
International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration
Wound healing repairs injured tissues to restore functionality, which depends on multiple factors: site of occurrence, type of wound, age of the host, and ethics. Mechanical force may play important roles in wound repair and regeneration.
The Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center(AOTC) was established in 2002 and formerly called as Southem Taiwan Optoelectronic Excellent Research Center and received a special funding from Ministry of Education to promote academic wxcellence.
The precision smart healthcare platform is developed to deliver a comprehensive medical care experience to the elderly by Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) technology. The platform provides services for elders with different needs, such as health promotion for active elderly, postoperative recovery for frail elderly, and the rehabilitation of stroke.
In response to the issues of environmental conservation and sustainable resources and under the NCKU 's Top -Tier Program , the multi -disciplinary Sustainable Environment Research Center ( SERC ) was established in early 2006 , with a holistic approach of three integrating subgroups : Environment Resource Management Research Center , Environment Research Center , and Resource Recycling and Management Research Center .
The Research Center for Humanities and Social Sciences
The Research Center for Humanities and Social Sciences
The Research Center for Humanities and Social Sciences (CHASS)aims to heighten the standard of research in the humanities and social sciences, to promote interdisciplinary academic integration, and to fulfill university social responsibility by innovative humanities research and social practices.
International Center for the Scientific Development of Shrimp Aquaculture (ICDSA)
International Center for the Scientific Development of Shrimp Aquaculture (ICDSA)
The International Center for the Scientific Development of Shrimp Aquaculture (ICSDSA) includes a shrimp genome biology laboratory, a shrimp disease laboratory, a Nucleus Breeding Center (NBC) and two OIE (Organisation for World Animal Health) reference laboratories, one for white spot disease (WSD) and the other for acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND).
Center for Quantum Frontiers of Research & Technology
Center for Quantum Frontiers of Research & Technology
The goal of this research roadmap is to develop and build solid-state quantum bits, devices, and architectures for quantum logics or other relevant future technologies.
Core Facility Center (CFC) is one of the three university-level research centers of National Cheng Kung University (NCKU). A complete system of high-end fabrication and characterization facilities are established in the cleanroom and laboratories of CFC.
The main goal of Marine Biology and Cetacean Research Center at NCKU is for rescuing the live stranded cetacean or managing the death stranded event in Taiwan.
There are several features making Drosophila as a feasible model system to study human diseases. First, it is a genetically tractable organism with sophisticated tools to test genes’ functions. More importantly, nearly 75% of human disease genes have a Drosophila homologue and the conservation in signaling pathways provide promising approaches to test or design new drugs.
Pulsed-plasma laboratory is (1) experimentally studying laboratory astrophysics and space science, (2) developing the EUV light source using discharged produced plasma for EUV lithography, and (3) working on magnetized target fusion as the energy source.
The Non-traditional Stable Isotope Laboratory (NSI), housed in the Department of Earth Sciences, was inaugurated in Fall 2020 supported by a grant from the Ministry of Science and Technology and National Cheng Kung University. The lab director is Dr. Hou-Chun Liu. NSI explores our planet's environmental and climatic changes through isotopic geochemistry.
Taiwan BT&D² Team at NCKU is a multidisciplinary and international team specializing in developing and applying technology in development of drugs, neutraceuticals and cosmeceuticals for prevention and treatments of diseases, including cancers, infectious diseases, chronic diseases and metabolic syndrome disease.
The Solid State Circuits and Systems Laboratory was established in 2003, and the host is Prof. Soon-Jyh Chang. The main research direction of our team is mixed-signal integrated circuit design, testing and design automation, especially for analog-to-digital converters (ADC).
Integrated Display Circuit & Bio-System Application Laboratory focuses on promoting the development of domestic display industry and improving the welfare of the elderly’s care. For display circuit design, the current and future industry mainstreams such as AMOLED, LCD, and Mini/Micro LED integrated with systems are based on industry-academia cooperation with domestic display manufacturers.
Our laboratory is engaged in the research of various optical signal conversion mechanisms, including the study of molecular reaction dynamics and the high-sensitivity surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection technology on photonic materials. In terms of biological applications, it combines targeted optical imaging diagnosis and cancer treatment applications.
Our team focus on studying the plant and nematode interaction using Multi-Omics analysis, and developing the enviromental-friendly nematode control strategies. Plant parasitic nematodes (PPNs) are the agronomically important pest that cause severe crop losses and economic damage worldwide.
We are KID (Knowledge and Information Discovery) lab. The research area is data exploration and analysis, and the key research projects are Social Network Analysis, Time Series Mining, Multimedia Information Retrieval and Fintech & Bioinformatics.
This laboratory utilizes finite element numerical analysis and large-scale structural tests to study the structural seismic response mitigation technology and optimal design of energy dissipation devices for high-rise buildings.
DHB (Digital Health and Biorobotics) Lab was established in 2020 under the instruction of Prof. Yi-Chun Du. The research in DHB is very varied such as integrated technology with smart devices for digital health care, medical robotics control, etc.
The LEP‐e instrument is an analyzer which enables the ERG satellite to observe the energy distribution and density of low energy electrons surrounding the Earth.
AiRobots Lab. has designed and implemented child-sized, teen-sized and adult-sized humanoid robots separately to attend two well-known international robot competitions: RoboCup and Federation of International Robot-soccer Association. Over the past decades, these robots have won the all-round champion award many times in the HuroCup league.
Professor Jui-Ming Lin is an important poet in Taiwan and a pioneer in the study of the history of Taiwan literature. He was also the student of the first session of the History Department of National Cheng Kung University.
Our research focusing on photomedicine, especially photodynamic therapy to help our patients. Research areas including," cancers, wound healing, and infectious diseases." The philosophy of our daily works is to enjoy and have fun. We explore innovative solutions to difficult-to-treat problems.
This is molecular biomedical informatics laboratory (MBI Lab). This lab was established in 2003. Our main research fields include machine learning, finance, biomedical informatics and web pages.
The main focus of ACVLab is computer vision and its applications based on machine learning. In recent years, due to the rise of deep learning (so-called artificial intelligence), how to adopt deep learning to improve the performance of various tasks has become the primary issue, such as self-driving cars, robots, various object recognition, image, and video content restoration and protection.
The work content of the Water Quality Laboratory is mainly to test and analyze the samples of pollutants from water or sediments, such as seawater, river water, groundwater, and other water bodies.
Communication and Biologic Integrated Circuits (CBIC) Lab
Communication and Biologic Integrated Circuits (CBIC) Lab
The mission of 「Communication and Biologic Integrated Circuits (CBIC) Lab.」of National Cheng Kung University is improving Human health. CBIC was focused on the development of 「Guard Patch-Intelligent wearable technology with internet-of-thing and platforms」.
Dr. Guan-Da Syu's lab, is about using Protein Array in Research, Diagnosis, and Drug (PARDD) development. Anyone who's interested in these aspects is welcome to join or collaborate.
Tao hai ren_National Cheng Kung University human powered submarine
Our team is composed of several university students who have identical concept-garage business, a new term from America. We will create a human powered submarine through the classes and extracurricular learning, and stand for Taiwan to attend the European International Submarine Races.
The Physiomech Group (PMG) is committed to exploring essential issues between engineering and medicine based on High Performance Computing (HPC) technology. We are designing with relevant engineering knowledge through algorithm design and cooperating with industry-university, such as Hewlett Packard Enterprise, Siemens, Altair, MSC and Hermes Epitek and other companies.
Our laboratory research fields divided into biological monitoring, treatment of hazard compounds, risk estimation and assessment of cyanobacteria in drinking water resources. Aiming to ensure the safety of drinking water utilities and improvement of drinking water treatment efficiency.
Established in 1931, with a role as the main and vital collector and provider of knowledge resources for National Cheng Kung University (NCKU) and Southern Taiwan, National Cheng Kung University Library (NCKU Library) provides high-quality resources for teaching, research and education while actively engaging in collaborations with other international libraries.
Our lab mainly focus on the synthesis of semiconductor nanomaterials, characterizations and applications of novel functional devices, including solar cells (hybrid design, involvement of two-dimensional materials and quantum dots), thin-film thermoelectric devices, gas/optical sensing, photocatalytic applications, metamaterials and semiconductor engineering.
Investigating early-stage diagnosis and targeted therapeutics in cancers – Studying the expression of Aurora-A kinase in cancer cells and developing companion diagnosis and therapy methods The role of CPAP protein in liver cancer and its study with inflammatory-related pathways
We have developed a system for cognitive assessment and training, particularly in sport science. The system contains assessment of 3 cognitive functions (perception, attention, emotion) through 10 tasks on the website. After the assessment, the system provides strength and weakness of user’s cognitive function and further provides corresponding training tasks.
miCromachined Acoustic Transducers for novel ultraSound applications(CATS)
miCromachined Acoustic Transducers for novel ultraSound applications(CATS)
Our lab is founded in 2018 at 10th floor of EE building. The purpose of this lab is to provide a creative, fruitful, and joyful environment for young researchers to discover their future.
AMPL is focusing on green synthesis and circular economy. We extract and synthesize a wide range of high-performance, high-value-added nanomaterials. Cellulose, lignin, silicon, and metals are all cost-effective materials extracted from agricultural waste - rice straws. Cellulose nanocrystalline and glucose are further extracted from cellulose, which enhances composite material and is used as an emerging biomass energy source. Chitosan is obtained from fishery waste - cartilage animal shells and used in environmental applications such as biomedicine technology and ecological treatment.
You will become a scientist with great contributions to the mankind and society in the future!"" In our lab, you will hear this sentence quite often. it is the encouragement from the professor, and the future vision for every student.
Hsin-Tien’s Lab works on improving the resource and energy efficiency of social and industrial systems for the environment by approaches including material science, environmental management and technology application.
There are two main themes ongoing in our research group. The first theme is related to the evaluation of environmental health impacts of emerging chemical substances such as nano- and micro-plasctics, and the other is the innovation of energy-saving nanomaterials in the photo- and electro-catalysis of persistent organic contaminants.
Lithosphere - Atmosphere - Space Coupling Laboratory
Lithosphere - Atmosphere - Space Coupling Laboratory
The main research of this laboratory focus on several topics:ionospheric earthquake precursors and coseismic effect studies due to crustal changes, atmospheric disturbances, GNSS observation of ionospheric plasma.There is a wide range of research topics. The interested students are welcome to join us!
The laboratory for Micro/Nanofabrication and Nanoanalysis
The laboratory for Micro/Nanofabrication and Nanoanalysis
“Nanofabrication and nanoanalysis lab ” take advantage of the two specialty of material engineering—“material fabrication” and ”material analysis”, dedicated to make the break through of manufacturing and analysis technologies under micro and nano scale.
Intelligent Hyperspectral Computing Laboratory (IHCL), established in 2019, is dedicated to talent cultivation. We have recruited 29 outstanding members from the College of EECS and Miin Wu School of Computing (SOC).
From 2014 to now, the laboratory has begun to focus on computer vision and deep learning. , and the technology of detection, tracking and classification or identification is the main axis, which is applied to the field of intelligent machinery and medical equipment.
Orchids are insect-pollinated flowers. The floral morphology, flower color, and floral fragrance of orchids play important roles in the evolution of orchids, and they are also the focus of our laboratory. Our main research direction orchid genomics and the study of functional genomics for floral morphology, flower color, and floral fragrance. Recently, genomic big data analysis is also applied to orchid research.
IEBS(Institute of Environmental and Behavioral Studies)
IEBS(Institute of Environmental and Behavioral Studies)
Environmental behavior research is the foundation of architecture and environmental planning. The IEBS laboratory takes the interrelationship between environment and behavior as the starting point of this laboratory, and is committed to discovering the interrelationship and structure of local people and the environment, and giving back to design and planners local knowledge.
The STEAM Lab of the Department of Hydraulic and Ocean Engineering integrates the Fluid Mechanics Laboratory, Makerspace and Computation Laboratory, and brings creative implementation into the field of hydraulic and ocean engineering.
We focus on the research to both reduce the environmental problem and sustain the economy by raising resource efficiency. Professor Chen loves bringing students discovering cross-discipline research topics and address the issue with systems thinking.
Environmental spatiotemporal data accumulates into big data, and the content in the data are far beyond traditional mathematics and statistical modeling.
Working Space RAC-Coon is an innovative research and teaching space within the College of Planning and Design NCKU. It is a Higher Education Sprout Project-funded project and opened on 4th, April 2020.
The Architectural Acoustics Lab (AALab) of the Department of Architecture of National Cheng Kung University was established in 1978. Our research projects include the performance of sound insulation and absorption in building materials and structures.
Although the concentration of emerging pollution in the environment is at the level of ng/L~μg/L, which is not as high as traditional pollutants, they may pose higher risks to human health and ecosystems compared with traditional pollutants.
Youth Health: Family & Community Research Teamwork (YouthFACT)
Youth Health: Family & Community Research Teamwork (YouthFACT)
We are a group of interdisciplinary and intercollegiate researchers with common interests in adolescent development and health. Our research focus includes obesity and physical activity, health and risk behavior, social and familial determinants of development, psychological well being and social network, etc. We collaborate with scientists from around the globe, insluding UK, USA, Canada, Hong Kong, Iran, and Singapore.
Our laboratory mainly dedicates to simulating numerical mechanical lubrication by using multiple physical quantities on micro-electromechanical systems, mechanical and biological systems.
The " Laboratory of Offshore Geotechnics and Energy (LOGE) " is the only team in the Department of Hydraulic and Ocean Engineering of Cheng Kung University that is engaged in soil mechanics and offshore foundation engineering-related research.
Our research topics:1.The mechanism of attentional shifting of executive function;2.The source of function loss from multiple task;3.Electrophysiological study of attention control in aging brain;4.Neuropsychology;5.Clinical Psychology;6.other topics:Aging and cognition, neurofeedback and health promte, predicting cognitive aging and mental resilience by machine learning.
Cancer Molecular Biology & Tumor Microenvironment Laboratory
Cancer Molecular Biology & Tumor Microenvironment Laboratory
Dr. Yi-Ching Wang's laboratory has a long-standing research interest on the molecular mechanisms involved in lung tumorigenesis. Her group investigates the etiological association of alterations in tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes with lung tumorigenesis.
Biofluidics and Micro-Opto-Electro-Mechanical Systems Laboratory
Biofluidics and Micro-Opto-Electro-Mechanical Systems Laboratory
BMOEMS was established in the year 2011 by Prof. Han-Sheng Chuang in the Department of Biomedical Engineering at National Cheng Kung University. The major research of BMOEMS include development of various bio electro-mechanical chips and biomechanics of microorganisms.
Gut microbiota are associated with human health and may influence disease development and drug efficacy. Gut microbes can remotely influence organ function and disease progression. The main research areas of our laboratory are next-generation probiotics, food microbiology, and fermentation biotechnology.
Our research focuses on the dynamics of hazardous flows in mountain areas and their mitigation countermeasures against sediment-related disasters, such as debris flows, landslides, as well as flooding in urban area. It consists of theoretical and numerical modeling and high efficient MPI/GPU parallel computation.
Our lab undertakes an evidence-based practice and provides clinical training for future clinical psychologists to engage and inspire students to enhance their logical thinking and clinical judgment.
The Nanoelectronics Laboratory at the National Cheng Kung University pursues research themes in low-dimensional materials and devices. These themes encompass works in graphene/quantum dots photodetectors, surface plasmon resonance of graphene/metal nanoparticles, nanostructure design for high-performance devices and heterojunction solar cells.
SPOC (2 M in diameter and 3 M in length) can provide a vaccum condition of 10^-8 torr and can provide plasma condition similar to the ionospheric environment.
Lab of Molecular Genetics (MG Lab) led by Prof. Tzong-Yueh Chen mainly focuses on the research of viruses that cause high mortality in marine cultivated fish species, from virus structure analysis, fish epidemiology to host immune mechanism, with industrial applications, to overcome the bottleneck of aquaculture.
Welcome to Combustion and Propulsion Lab (CPL). At the CPL, we utilize both experimental and numerical methods to achieve our research goals. We closely cooperate with the National Chung-Shan Institute of Science and Technology, Metal Industries Research and Development Center, Industry Technology Research Center, and industries that work on defense and energy issues.
The Optimization Algorithm Lab held by Prof. I-Lin Wang focus on the optimization methodologies. Members are mainly IIM or IM master students and some undergraduate students.
Magnetized Plasma eXperiment (MPX). Taiwan first magnetized plasma experimental device. 40cm diameter, 1.5 m length, 5 magnetic coils with maximum magnetic field of 2 kG, a 30 kW, 2.45GHz magnetron for electron heating.
We are electrical machine and drive system laboratory, we train the people who are working on motor design and motor drive, the main target for motor design is to design a motor which is suitable for the application according to the application occasion.
Novel EXperimental & Theoretical Group for materials design
Novel EXperimental & Theoretical Group for materials design
The Novel EXperimental & Theoretical Group for Materials Design (NEXT-G Materials Design) is co-supervised by Prof. Wen-Dung Hsu and Prof. Shih-kang Lin at Dept. Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University (NCKU), Taiwan.
EBL focuses on utilizing biotechnology to treat environmental related issue. With the combination of traditional biotechnology and the most popular molecular biology, we are able to apply the both technology on most important environmental issue in Taiwan and worldwide, such as pollution control and developing renewable energy.
Sociocultural Behavior and Mental Health Laboratory
Sociocultural Behavior and Mental Health Laboratory
We're on the main mission to explore the impact of social factors on human behaviors and mental health. In addition, we also hope to connect multiple perspectives and methods to psychological studies which we treasure the most.
The main goal of Marine Biology and Cetacean Research Center at NCKU is for rescuing the live stranded cetacean or managing the dead stranded cetacean event in Taiwan. For the live stranding, we first have to collaborate with the Coast Guard Administration and deal with the dolphin on site.
Medical Device startup & Nanotechnology Development Laboratory
Medical Device startup & Nanotechnology Development Laboratory
Medical Device startup & Nanotechnology Development Laboratory's research topics focus on translate nanomedicine such as using functional nanoparticles to diagnosis and therapy cancer lesions. Nanotechnology also suitable to develop medical device, for example, wound dressing and In vitro rapid screening system.
RTRL was established with the top university highlight laboratory project. The goal of this laboratory is to promote cross-field research, cross-school cooperation, and to link industry-government-academic resources. Striving to consolidate the research and development clusters of rail engineering technology, make NCKU the national hub of railway technology.
We design invasive brain-machine interface (iBMI) which translates neural signals into movement intention so that paralyzed patients can control wheelchairs by their intention. We cooperate with other international laboratory in order to acquires nonhuman primates' datasets. We then design the neural decoder by the dataset.
Laboratory of Water Environment Remote Sensing for Water Quality Management, WERS
Laboratory of Water Environment Remote Sensing for Water Quality Management, WERS
1. Analysis of water quality using physico-chemical parameters; 2. Smart water quality sensors and big-data analysis; 3. Water sampling drones; 4. Processing moderate-resolution optical satellite imagery for water quality monitoring; 5. Analysis of bio-optical properties of water for better retrieval of water constituent concentrations from remotely sensed data; 6. Surface water quality modeling for watershed-scale management of water pollution sources.
Our laboratory is affiliated with the Department of Biomedical Engineering of NCKU. Upholding the spirit of cross-field integration of the department, the research of the laboratory spans the "engineering"-oriented microfluidic rapid process technology and the "biological"-oriented 3D tumor model and microenvironment establishing and use rapid micro-process technologies to manufacture the platforms and devices required for cell experiments, then use these platforms for tumor microenvironment simulation, tumor metastasis observation, drug testing and other experiments.